Kilis is a border province located in the southeastern part of Turkey, neighboring Syria. It is bordered by Gaziantep to the east, west, and north, and by Syria to the south. Kilis is situated 58 kilometers from Gaziantep and only 10 kilometers from the Syrian border.

To the north of the city, there are mountain ranges extending from east to west, with dry stream beds and a few small rivers in between. While much of the terrain in these mountainous areas is arid, the foothills and higher elevations contain arable lands suitable for agriculture. Particularly along the southeastern and border areas of the province, viticulture (grape cultivation) and olive farming are highly developed, taking advantage of the fertile soils in these regions.